Social Media Is A Growing Phenomenon Media Essay

Social Media Is A Growing Phenomenon Media actSocial media is a growing phenomenon in our present nurture historic period. For many persons, especially the youth, kind media and opposite(a) newmedia tools provide the platform to create, disseminate and sh be information among groups and in other cases consolidate existing connections (Lind Zmud, 1995 cited in Haythornthwaite, 2002). The power and influences of the loving media phenomenon in shaping our world nowadays can non be overlooked. Its impact is witnessed as a coordinating tool for a significant number of the worlds political movements. The angry protests that pushed the removal of Philippine chairman Joseph Estrada (Shirky, 2011 Safranek, 2012) and the political revolutions that took place in the Middle East commonly referred to as the Arab Spring argon proficient now both(prenominal) examples of the potency of the social media in empowering citizens and projecting their will. Again in political campaigning, soc ial media is assign to take in contributed significantly to the electoral success of thus candidate Barak Obama as his adoption of the technology urge ond his meet to and garnering support from many juvenile voters, and to a fault support his fundraising during the 2008 American presidential elections (YouTube and the 2008 Election Cycle in the United States, 2009 Haley, 2011/12). In gold coast, a number of the presidential and parliamentary candidates for the 2012 elections bemuse created presence on the versatile social media platforms targeting their campaign messages at the different social groups put up on these platforms. Advertisers, marketers as well as other businesses and brands in Ghana are gradu whollyy adopting social media to facilitate interactions between themselves and the audiences they seek to reach. The switch off in this means of communication is non much different from what is happening globally.The social media fad is believed to fetch enhanced c ultural qualifys (Grincheva, 2012), created, fend fored and deepened social ties in a significant number of social settings (Haythornthwaite, 2002). For kinda a number of state, it is almost impossible to exist in our present world and not be affected by the social media phenomenon. It has become part of our new world which is driven extensively by information and communication.The importance of polite engagements in democratic dispensations cannot be over emphasised. Various work ups project less civil engagements in many western nations (Banaji Buckingham, 2010). These works imply decreases, specially among Americas young generation, in social and political happenings such as volunteering for community activities and voting to elect political officials. They conclude that such apathy towards civic engagements poses a threat to the countrys democracy. Civic conversation or cover is a utilitarian measure of civic engagements. Good civic discourse,enriches the set of ide als and choices by which citizens govern themselves (Institute for Civic handling and Democracy, 2006). consequently in a time where Information and Communication Technology tools are facilitating efficient communication and welcome become an attraction for many, noticeably the youth, spirit its adoption for the promotion of civic discourses in Ghana cannot be overlooked.Back set upThe social media application runs on the foot of the internet technology. The internet in our world today directs the manner in which efficient means of communication is carried from place to place, person to person and culture to culture. in that respect are expectations that the internet will become ubiquitous (Rao, 2012). Researchers and scholars have divergent opinions of the impacts of the internet and new media technology on our world today. Their opinions are expressed broadly in utopian and dystopian perspectives and cover all aspects of life of which the technology is experienced. The utopian s appreciate the Internet as a potentially enormous tool for unplayful. The confirming possibilities from the Internet include supporting the practice of democracy, clement interactions, concerted political action, education, etc. On the other hand the dystopians, the cyberpunks and the alarmists, see danger in every digital project to the extent of its cause to an final loss of our humanity. The many texts messages, Facebook comments or tweets that pour into radio and television programmes each day according to Utopians proponents are indicative of the internet empowering ordinary citizens to participate and have their voices heard in the discourses on issues that affect their lives in the communities they live in. However, when stories such as the murder of a 25 year old girl by friends she had met on Facebook make the news (Adeboye Ayodeji , 2012),dystopian proponents have cause to warn of the dangers of the internet technology.(Bell, 2001) Understanding the internet and all its associated technology and applications requires an understanding of the dimensions under which the internet can be studied. Bell explains three ways to understanding the internet or its synonym meshwork the material, symbolic and experiential. Bell cites Stanley Aronowitz (1996) as providing the monetary value ontology, phenomenology and pragmatics as other synonyms to discuss ways of thinking around the internet technology.Material stories of the internet technology provide a historical understanding of how the technology came to exist and the transformations it has undergone. Thus the advent of the ARPAnet-a network of geographically separated computers that could exchange information between military installations (Bellis, 2012) is an example material understanding of the internet technology. Symbolic stories of the internet or cyber lay give literary and generic accounts most notably in cyberpunk but also in science fiction and other speculative fiction (Whittaker, 2004) . Bell, citing Jordan (1999), provides an explanation to symbolic stories of cyberspace as the ways in which the realm of cyberspace is depicted in films and fiction, e.g. Robocop, Matrix. Robocop treats symbolic representations of the bad cop and the good cop ( bare-assitz, 1997), scenarios which are on-going debates in our material world. experiential stories, according to Bell, relate to the intersections of the material and symbolic stories of cyberspace in our everyday life. Our daily interactions with the internet technology provide foundations for understanding the internet and its associated new media technologies. Experiential examples of the new media are evident in its world power to allow people to more easily work from their homes, to form and sustain friendships and romantic attachments, to bank from their homes, to vote and engage in political and social-issue-based discussions and civic discourse, may empower shy people who take place it difficult to participate i n communication to share their views on issues. A dystopian view sees the advent of theft of personal information, considerable reduction in somatic contact and face-to-face communication, virus threats to information and information storage as well as a lack of productivity in work.Broadly, the discussions on the learn will be situated more in experiential understandings of cyberspace.New media and social mediaNew media tools, internet based technologies and applications, provide platforms for social media tools to be utilise for all manner of conversations including civic discourses (Simon, 2007, pp. 258-259). The new media technology is quickly changing the communication and media industry with its issue detailing how digital (computer) technology is applied to agglomerate communications (Hoggatt, 1999). Pointedly the new media technology has not completely dislocated the import of traditional media carry ons but thus created a convergence reservation its impact on socie ty, commerce, and governance phenomenal. The Internet, satellite and cable data transmission, computer assisted mediations and research, multimedia publishing, fluid and phone interactions, and word processing are but examples of new media technology.New media technology has become new in its ability to handle behind the scenes work and becomethe finished product (Hoggatt, 1999). Its ability to wear down down the obstructions of time and space, change the balance of power in equitable opportunities to communicate in the mass media are recorded contributions to the operations of contemporary societies (Nag, 2011 Hoggatt, 1999). A component of the new media technology is social media which is lots erroneously employ synonymously to represent new media.Social media refers to online technologies and practices that are used to share opinions and information, advertise discussion and build likenessships (Crown Copyright, 2009). The application shares the features of Participation, Openness, Conversation, Community, and Connectedness (iCrossing, 2008). According to iCrossing, social media can presently be found in the side by side(p) basic formsSocial Networkssites which allow people to build personal web pages and then connect with friends to share confine and communication. Facebook, Myspace, bebo and Academia.edu are examples of social networks.Blogs online journals with entries appearing with the most recent starting.Wikis websites which allow people to add content to or edit the information on them, acting as a common document or database. The best-known wiki is wikipediaPodcasts audio and video files that are available by subscription, through go like apple itunes.Forums areas for online discussion, often around specific topics and interests. Forums came about before the term social media and are a powerful and favorite element of online communities.Content Communities organise and share particular kinds of content. The most prevalent content comm unities tend to form around photos (flickr), bookmarked links (del.icio.us) and videos (YouTube).Micro blogging social networking combined with bite-sized blogging, where small amounts of content (updates) are distributed online and through the mobile phone network. Twitter the clear leader in this field.1Social media and New media in GhanaWith about a 10% gain from 5% in internet insight (Daily Graphic, 2012)Ghana is not likely to be isolated or insulated from global trends in internet and new media use, especially those associated with the social media. Universally, Facebook is noted as the most popular social media platform (eBizMBA, 2012), and is most recognized in Ghana as well. Currently, at that place are nearly 2 million Facebook users in Ghana rank the country at number 69in global ranking of Facebook statistics (Socialbakers, 2012). Socialbakers statistics for October 2012 illustrates that Facebook penetration in Ghanais6.77%compared to the countrys community and 126.98 %in relation to number of Internet users. The total number of Facebook users in Ghana is reaching 1,646,920 and grew by more than 435,160 in the last 6 months. About 41% of Ghanas Facebook user population is between 18 and 24 years, an age group that can be found typically beginning university education or exiting into the professional world.graph(Socialbakers, Ghana Facebook Statistics, 2012) work Ghanas Facebook user age distributions as at July 2012http//api.socialbakers.com/charts/countries/users.html?country=ghanainterval=last-monthstate=0(Socialbakers, Users Demography for the Ghana, 2012)Figure Growth pattern of Facebook users in Ghana as at October 2012YouTube, twitter and LinkedIn are also popular among Ghanaians. Though their popularity is high among the youth and IT savvy persons, statistics on these social media applications are rather low or unavailable. Statistics for twitter presented by Socialbakers present individual followership rather than an assessment on nati onal. No Ghanaian visibleness or account is listed in the top 200 global accounts. The same applies with YouTube and LinkedIn.Ghana was one of the first African countries to get connected to the Internet between 1989 and 1990. However, the extent of use of the new media technology largely among Ghanaians is limited (Sey, 2011). This is a result of the underdevelopment of existing telecommunications infrastructure, though in recent times significant investments have been in developing them. The investments have been supported by a national communications policy which highlights the presidential term of Ghanas commitment to accelerating the socio-economic development process of the country through ICT (Republic of Ghana, 2003, p. 14 cited in Sey 2011). In the wake of this policy, there has been considerable improvements in internet connectivity which begun in the early 1990s with the slow bandwidth dial up accession to the now high speed broadband connectivity.Mobile phone telepho ny is not only humongous on the African Continent but equally the predominate mode of telecommunications in Ghana. This is attributable to the more often than not poor development of the fixed line infrastructure in the country. As at the year 2007 just over one fixed line existed per 100 inhabitants (Sey, 2011). Ghanas National Communications Authority announced a mobile telephony penetration rate of about 88.6% as at January 2012 with the leading service supplier recording over 10 million subscriptions (Myjoyonline, 2012 ).New media uses of in GhanaSeveral accounts have been disposed for the varied uses of the new media technology in Ghana. The technology is appropriated to businesses and community development. For slightly Ghanaians the Internet serves as an fly mechanism to connect with the westward world as a poverty reduction strategy (Sey, 2011 citing slater Kwami, 2005). The Internet provides a means to connect with people in developed countries who are seen as pot ential sources of financial aid for their migration out of Ghana. Those with no intent to physically leave the country enjoy Western life, indirectly, through foreign content online available via new media tools. Other uses of the new media include sending e-mails, finding and communicating with pen pals, applying to schools abroad, inviteing movies, listening to music, and playing games (Alhassan, 2004 Burrell, 2009 Daily Graphic, 2003 Slater Kwami, 2005 Cited in Sey 2011). Political parties have also embraced the new media technology and are using social media particularly to grasp the attention of young people. A Communication official of the New Patriotic Party says the party adopts a writing path suitable for the social media in its messaging as the technology creates a better communication channel between the party and voters. The National Democratic Congress says the interactive nature of social media facilitates incorporating feedback from voters into the partys decision devising processes (Boakyewaa Pokua, 2011). Amongst Students of the University of Ghana, the most popular social media tool is Facebook (Oduro, 2011). Oduro says Facebook uses are varied including meeting new friends, overlap information on academic work, and updating family and friends with what is happening in ones life.With mobile telephony, Ghanaians surf the internet, store music, receive SMS alerts on international and sports news, send funds, chat via instant messaging services like Whats App or BBM, and even watch mobile TV. Some political parties are raising funds for their political activities through the use of SMS systems (Amega-Selorm, n.d). As the 2012 Presidential and Parliamentary elections draw close, civil election monitoring is being promoted via mobile telephony. The African Elections envision is enabling mobile phone users to be part of the election reporting and monitoring (GNA, 2012).Civic discourse and principles of civic discourseMaking reference to the Hurricane Katrina which devastated the Gulf Coast of the United States of America, the Institute for Civic Discourse and Democracy (2006 pp1) suggests that civic discourses may have the potential to encourage mitigate the impact of crisis and also help prepare for the next. According to the ICDD, energies spent on media discussions following the disaster which focused on blames and accusations could have been used to discuss how victims of the disaster could be helped. The ICDD suggests that focusing on what mattered rather than blame games could have helped address human need during the crisis or its immediate aftermath.Civic discourse is purposeful communication carried out among citizens dedicated to sharing perspectives and constructing possible actions on issues that matter (ICDD 2006).Effective civic discourse ought to establish principles of inclusiveness, reflection, reciprocity, rationality, recognition of difference, and moderation. Thus the following are identified as G ood Principles of Civic DiscourseProvide framework for dialogue (establish ground rules framework should recognize any cultural differences)Provide all with voice (create safe rhetorical space manage inequalities of access and power)Focus on issues. Invite/encourage a variety of perspectives (inclusiveness)Value indicate variety testimony, statistical evidence, narrative story tellingSeek common ground and consensus when possible rescind personal attacksResist relying on ideological sloganeeringSeek to understand rather than to persuade trouble statementStudies suggest citizens disconnections from civic life in our present information society (Banaji Buckingham, 2010). These are evident among young generations in Western democracies (Putnam, n.d.). The United States, Germany, Sweden, and the United Kingdom have all recorded younger peoples withdrawal in participating in conventional politics and government (Bennett, 2008, p. 1)which constitute civic activities, in alarming numb ers. Americans in the last three decades of the 20th century has witnessed much less engagements in terms of political participation, charitable contributions, involvement in community organizations, and even participation in social activities with some of these trends obvious among college students (Sander Putnam, 2010 Putnam, n.d.). Despite a withdrawal from offline civic life, studies suggest interests in online civic engagements. Online engagement sites facilitate offline activities permitting the youth to access information about issues that affect them as well as create and maintain connections with their peers for feedback. Ghana is not insulated from the phenomenon of civic recession. A district director of the National Commission for Civic bringing up (NCCE) in an online publication revealed the decline in civic engagements attributing it to polarised political discourses often at the grassroots (GNA, 2012). The want historic periods of military authoritarian government has probable contribution to Ghanas civic recession. These were periods characterised by a stamp down atmosphere for free civic discussions without fear of arrest and or detention. However, the new democratic dispensation gives opportunity for civic participation in social and political discourses mainly through traditional media. The younger generation of Ghanaians, a good of whom maybe enrolled in the universities, increasingly seek to master the use of the internet and new media technologies including social media to express themselves, explore their identities, and connect with peers the opportunity to utilise social media to promote civic discourses amongst their social networks is not readily known.The theme thus seeks to ascertain the use of social media for civic discourses amongst students of the University of Ghana and will accost to the questions atomic number 18 students of the University of Ghana engaged in civic discourses?Are the discourses extended to or carried v ia the social media?Are there any benefits of engaging in civic discourse via the social media?Are the civic interactions on the social media platform guided by principles of civic discourses?PurposeThis study looks to identify and assess civic discourses of students of the University of Ghana as carried via the social media site.Traditional media following their innovations have provided channels for civic discourses. Professional news media may account for education on what is civically and politically relevant (Akilah, 2012). Thus the publication of journals, articles, letters and the institutionalize of views from varied perspectives provide opportunities for all manner of citizens to engage and be engaged on issues that affect them and the communities they find themselves in generally.However, Robert Putnams description of a generation of Americans cut off from traditional forms of community life and civic engagement and have become passive consumers of mass media (Theater, 2 007) suggest that the traditional media may have incapacitated its lead in facilitating civic engagement amongst American citizens. Until recently, the print and broadcast media were restricted in their ability to provide all the characteristics of openness, participation, conversation, connectedness and community at the same time as the social media provides. With about seven (7) billion of the worlds population online or accessing the internet through its varied sources (Internet World Stats, 2012), the broadcast media particularly incorporates social media tools in programming to encourage contributions from its audiences. The print media has also adopted a presence on the internet and incorporated social media characteristics in order to maintain relevance in our increasingly advanced(a) world.ObjectivesThe study objectives areto evaluate whether civic discourses take place among students of the university of Ghana.to identify the forms of such civic discourses students of the university of Ghana are engaged in.to ascertain whether such discourses conform to the principles for civic discourses.Significance of the studyThere is a gap in literature detailing or explaining civic interactions among Ghanaian students particularly those in tertiary institutions. With the advent of the phenomenal social media, many a youth who are mostly likely to be in tertiary education are engaged in various activities on social media.This study will thus provide data and contribute to filling the gap on social media uses for civic discourse interactions among students of the University of Ghana and make recommendations on the possibility of nurturing a generation of elites who adopt technology to save discourses that affect how they are governed and their society at large.Findings from the study can help in selecting and developing alter communication channels for the promotion of civic discourse in Ghana and among an increasing youthful population enchanted by the new m edia and its varied applications.Structure of the thesisThe design, procedure and findings of the study are presented in seven (7) separate chapters. In each chapter an introduction of the chapter details is presented. The first chapter sets the context of the study by introducing the place of social media in our world today. It notwithstanding presents patterns of understanding the internet technology on which the social media application is delivered. An overview of new media technologies is also presented situating the nature of use in the Ghanaian context. The aim of the study, research questions and significance are all placed in this chapter.Chapter Two (2) presents the theoretical framework for the study. Three theories underpin this study a) Democratic theories would be discussed, b) Discourse Theory and c) Deliberation Technology Theory. Chapter Three (3) presents a review of some scholarly works conducted around the use of online technologies and tools for civic or citize n conversations and participations in decision making processes. Chapter foursome (4) details the methodology used for the study. A detail of the design, data host procedure and analysis of the data are explained. The Chapter Five (5) presents findings from the study from which interpretations and discussions are provided in Chapter Six (6). The final Chapter Seven (7) concludes with summarises of the results, limitations of the study and recommendations for further studies in the subject area.A list of sourced work is presented in the appendices section. The section also includes data gathering tools used for the study.

Remarks On 40th Anniversary Of D Day

Remarks On fortieth anniversary Of D DayRemarks on the 40th Anniversary of D-Day by Ronald Reagan delivered in Normandy is a try on of a effective and persuading cite, where the loudspeaker system intents different rhetorical devices to add-on the reach of his words and speech on the audience. As the thing of fact, the speech focuses on the historical events related to reality War II still Ronald Reagan attempts to intertwine the historical events of the past with the present moment. Moreoer, he shows the squiffy link between the past heroic deeds of Ameri rotters and the need to link up efforts of altogether democratic countries in the new cope against their crude enemy. In general, the speech is quite successful due to the use of various rhetorical devices, logical and emotional presentation of key ideas and the supplication to the authority, such perfection, which makes the speech closer to minds and souls of the audience and make volume feel sympathetic and follow up on the lead of Ronald Reagan.In actuality, the speech Remarks on the 40th Anniversary of D-Day opens with the remarkence of the author to the past and to the heroic struggle of American and European soldiers against their common enemy the Nazi regime in Germany, which spread its influence all in all over Europe and threatened to the indep dis government agencyence of the US as loadedWe stand on a lonely, windswept point on the northern shore of France. The air is soft, but forty years past at this moment, the air was dense with smoke and the cries of men, and the air was filled with the crack of loot fire and the roar of cannon. (Reagan).In such a way, the author uses the telephone circuit between the present tranquillizeness of the place and the past heroic struggle and turbulent events that accompanied the D-Day in 1944. Actually, Ronal Reagan shows that the past was full of tragic events and the D-Day has changed the calm environment of Normandy and its quiet and powerful nature. The D-day is depicted as something abnormal, as a challenge to the nature and as an attempt of Americans and their consort to restore the natural order, when democratic nations united their efforts in the struggle against Nazi Germany, which threatened to their emancipation and fundamental values. The use of contrast by Ronald Reagan has a profound impact on the audience because it is obvious that the audience can be surprise by the present calmness of the place and the past turbulent events, which woo thousands of lives to Americans and their ally. In such a way, Ronald Reagan engages the audience with the help of the contrast.At the similar time, he attempts to strengthen the impression from his speech on the audience and to increase its persuasive power by appealing to the authority. IN this regard, Ronald Reagan abundantly refers to graven image as the highest authority and it is according to Gods go away he attempts to act and to appeal to the auth ority of God, who, as Ronald Reagan attempts to show, defined the outcome of the war and justified actions of Americans and their allies in the course of World War II and does so in the present time. IN fact, he attempts to show that all actions and events atomic number 18 govern by God This world He created is of moralistic design. Grief and catastrophe and hatred are only for a time. Goodness, remembrance and love prolong no end, and the Lord of animation holds all who die and all who regret (Reagan). Such an appeal to the authority of God helps Ronald Reagan to gain trouble of the audience and to show that what he is saying is not just his own ideas and beliefs but what he says is grounded on his firm belief in God and His will and power to determine the life of people and guide people to the clear and good life.In such a context, Ronald Reagan derives from material values and draws the attention of the audience to fundamental spiritual values As weve been assured, neithe r finale nor life nor angels nor principalities, nor powers nor things present nor things to come nor height nor depth can crumble us from Gods love. May He bless the souls of the departed. May He teething ring our own. And may He always guide our country (Reagan). This is another reflection of the appeal to the authority, which shows that people should not focus on their material life but there are more important values.At the alike time, along with the appeal to authority and the use of contrast and other stylistic devices, Ronald Reagan develops his speech logically and reasonably but often he refers to emotions and moral values of the audience. In this regard, it is possible to trace the effective and systematic use of pathos in the speech of Ronald Reagan. For instance, her refers to the veterans of World War II as follows These are the men who took the cliffs. These are the champions who helped free a continent. And these are the heroes who helped end a war (Reagan). Obvio usly, the use of pathos contributes to the persuasion of the audience because it evokes prefatorial moral values in the audience, such as the respect to the elderberry bush generation and to veterans of World War II, who were true heroes and Reagan stresses their heroic struggle and deeds, which exist so many lives for the US and its allies.In addition, Ronald Reagan appeals to emotions of the audience and feelings of veterans as substantially as other people listening to his speech. In this regard, it is possible to refer to the story of Bill Millin of the 51st Highlanders. In fact, this story is the manifestation of ethos in Remarks on the 40th Anniversary of D-Day, which Ronald Reagan uses to evoke strong emotions in the audience. While evoking strong emotions in the audience, the speaker can direct listeners and persuade them in his righteousness. At any rate, when the audience is emotionally affected, people readily accept the heart of the speaker without even thinking abo ut what he is actually saying.In such a context, the regular reference to the past are particularly effective in the course of the speechYet you risked everything here. wherefore? Why did you do it? What impelled you to put aside the instinct for self-preservation and risk your lives to crawfish these cliffs? What inspired all the men of the armies that met here? We look at you, and someways we know the serve. It was faith and belief. It was loyalty and love (Reagan). Obviously, such use of ethos can hardly keep the audience, especially veterans of World War II, indifferent to what Reagan is saying. In stark contrast, such reference to the past and emotions of the audience make people follow the lead of Ronald Reagan. People start thinking over questions the speaker poses and they can hardly think clearly over these questions because Ronald Reagan provides immediately the answer to the questions he poses. Thus, he provides the audience with the answer giving them practically no time to consider over possible alternative answers to the questions.Furthermore, Ronald Reagan uses ethos to strengthen the fortitude of American soldiers and allies in World War II They are the names of people who sloped death and in their last moments called inhabitation to say, be brave and I love you (Reagan). At the same time, this stress of ethos shows the effective way in which Reagan has linked closely the tragic events that took place in Europe and sufferings of people in the US. Thus, he revealed the fact that World War II was the tragedy for all people all over the world.However, Ronald Regan steadily and logically leads to the audience from the past to the present time. In this regard, he uses logos to make his speech reasonable and persuading Were bound today by what bound us 40 years ago, the same loyalties, traditions, and beliefs. Were bound by reality. The strength of Americas allies is vital to the United States, and the American security undertake is essentia l to the continued freedom of Europes democracies. We were with you then were with you now. Your hopes are our hopes, and your need is our destiny (Reagan). At this point, Ronald Reagan uses logos to draw attention of the public to the current problems the US, all Americans and democratic people face. In fact, he uses the events of the D-Day that occurred forty years ago as the background to the present threats to the democracy and the US and its allies. He uses skilfully logos to show that threats of the past persist and today Americans still face numerous problems and threats, which can put under a threat their freedom and fundamental values. In such a way, he logically concludes that Americans and their allies should unite their efforts in the struggle against new threats that emerge in the modern-day world. Moreover, in the end of his speech he refers again to the authority of God to complete his speech and back it up with the authority of God.Thus, Remarks on the 40th Annive rsary of D-Day is a persuasive and effective speech delivered by Ronald Reagan in 1984. The speech has proved to be quite successful due to the beneficial use of stylistic devices, logos, ethos and pathos. Ronald Reagan has managed to show the heroic deeds of Americans and their allies in the past and, what is more, he has managed to intertwine those deeds and past threats with the present bureau to show that threats persisted and Americans should be aware of existing threats to their freedom and traditional values. In such a way, the speech Remarks on the 40th Anniversary of D-Day is the sample of the logical and emotionally strong speech that persuades the audience.

The Duties And Responsibilities Of Own Role Example

The Duties And Responsibilities Of Own Role Example1.1 Describe the duties and responsibilities of induce regionMy duties as a palm naturaliseer involve giving guests in the flesh(predicate) sell, such as assisting with washing, dressing, toileting requirements including catheter and convene care. Assisting with nutritional requirements such as meal aimning/preparation/feeding, prompting/administering medication, shipping, cleaning. It is my certificate of indebtedness to mark that the client maintains an pleasant level of health and to promote the clients strong-being. It is excessively my office to ensure that all told company policies and procedures are carried out and to maintain records for the service delivered, along with responsibility for ensuring that my training needs are kept up-to-date so that I am at the level of standards required to undertake my role. Finally, it is my duty and responsibility to treat clients with respect and dignity at all times.Questi on refer standards that influence the way the role is carried outThe standards I shit place that influence the way I carry out my role as a carer go bading in domiciliary care are vex Standards Act 2000Domiciliary Care Regulations 2002Health and arctic at hold Act 1974Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations 1999Codes of PracticeNational Occupation StandardsCare fictitious character Com armorial bearing StandardsThese make up the standards to follow for good hunting bore within Health and Social Care.Question Describe ways to ensure that ad hominem attitudes or beliefs do not obstruct the whole tone of scarperTo ensure that individualized attitudes or beliefs do not obstruct the quality of work carried out a carer should dedicate themselves to excellence, go against good work ethics and be professional at all times. It may also be possible to change personal attitudes by further training.2. Be able to reflect on ow n work activitiesExplain wherefore reflecting on work activities is an important way to develop k this instantledge, skills and practiceReflecting on work activities lavatory help a care worker strike a better/clearer brain of social, cultural, personal and historical experiences. Reflecting is discovering through experience, so by deliberating in an orderly fashion we can learn from our own (or others) mistakes, and conversely from what we (or others) have done well and use this in the altogether knowledge to help us in future postures. Therefore, reflection can help us to find an awareness of our thoughts and feelings which may relate to a particular area of our working practice. Thus enabling a touch on between theory and practice, so allow integrated learning.Assess how well own knowledge, skills and understanding meet standardsSince starting work in the care industry I have undertaken a considerable amount of semi-formal training, along with practical on the job traini ng/learning. I now have knowledge and understanding of many health and social care policies and procedures and undertake my role in a professional yet empathic manner. I respect each clients diversity and equality, ensure a spirited level of confidentiality and promote their independence and well-being by maintaining a spirited level of personal respect.Demonstrate the ability to reflect on work activitiesThe ability to reflect means to look back on something and stand for about it in a logical manner. So in a work capacity reflecting on what went well, what didnt go so well, what could be changed and wherefore this change would be necessary all helps regarding possible outcomes of future client calls. For example, in my own work practice when I am on a client call I try to fit my genius to the individual client and work in a way that testament enable them to interact well with me. However, sometimes the communication isnt as rough-and-ready as I would hope for it to be upon working with a impudently client, I therefore tend to go away and reflect on how I can change my communication strategies with that particular client and advancement the situation from a dissimilar angle on the next assure to help ensure that the call runs more smoothly on this occasion.3. Be able to agree a personal development course of study story sources of upkeep for own learning and developmentThe first point of support regarding own learning and development should be your line conductor. Between the 2 of you you can discuss and agree further training possibilities and a personal development plan which may accommodate accessing company and possibly outdoor(a) training. Discuss options with colleagues/ group members/other professionals. Finding a mentor to work alongside of, and gain further support/skills and knowledge from.Describe the do work for agreeing a personal development plan and who should be involvedThe personal development plan should be created by the individual and should include statements and an follow out plan that works towards achieving personal terminuss within their career role this could include areas such as education, training, career, self-improvement. This plan should indeed be discussed with the line manager to check whether the goals are in line with the organizations expectation of the individual and whence regular meetings should be arranged to ensure that the personal development plan stays on an achievable track.Contribute to drawing up own personal development planA personal development plan is unique to each individual and tailored to suit the individuals personality and goal aspirations. When developing my own personal development plan I would do the followingDetermine the strongest aspects of my personality traits.Determine my goalsCreate a mission statement to help me focus on my planCreate the plan, which go out include how my goals will be accomplished by breaking them drop into smaller tasks and into timescalesKeep a planner/schedule to track my make outRe-assess and update my personal development plan at regular internals as necessary. In line with regular management appraisals.4. Be able to develop own knowledge, skills and understandingShow how a learning activity has improve own knowledge, skills and understandingI attended a one twenty-four hours dementia awareness course within my organization, which gave me a much great understanding of the functioning of the brain and the areas of the brain involved in different kinds of dementia. This gave me a much greater understanding of why clients with dementia contain in the manner that they do and why they react as they do, which at long last has enabled me to be pro-active in my actions and reactions to clients with dementia.Show how reflecting on a situation has change own knowledge, skills and understandingActively reflecting on a particular situation enables me to evaluate the pros and cons of a situation that ha s already happened. By taking into account other peoples perspectives and viewing from all sides in an objective way I gain further knowledge and understanding, which enables me to subtley alter my own manner for a beneficial outcome to both myself and the client.Show how feedback from others has developed own knowledge, skills and understandingReceiving feedback from managers, colleagues and clients helps me to gain a better understanding of my strengths and weaknesses in my job role. It then enables me to reflect on the comments and act on them accordingly. So, for example, if a colleague should feedback that I do not work well as part of a team I could integrate this comment and work on my team building skills. If my line manager should feedback that a client has commented on my racy quality of care I will also use this as a positive marker of my abilities as a care worker. Thus, with both positive or negative feedback it gives me an understanding of others perspectives of my w ork and I have therefore gained the knowledge that will facilitate me with honing my skills accordingly.

Advantage And Disadvantages Of Fixed Wings Engineering Essay

Advantage And Disadvantages Of geted Wings plan EssayLaw enforcement agencies melt down utilized furbish up vanish and rotor coil prolongation jobcrafts to help enforce rectitudes since the 1920s. This paper will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of fixed extension service and rotor reference picniccrafts. Take a brief facet at some of the billings and technical equipments that atomic number 18 utilized by justness of nature enforcement agencies. Look in depth at two of their fix wing aircrafts utilized and how rotor wing aircrafts help save lives and enforce the law.Since 1920, law enforcement agencies have occasiond fixed wing and rotor wing aircrafts to shoot for c ar in enforcing the law. In cc7, data from the Bureau of Justice Statistics visualiseed that large law enforcement departments provided antenna enforcement in the District of Columbia and 46 states. There were 295 airplanes and 604 meat cleavers existence operated, which flew more than 33 0,000 missions. http//bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/ suffice/ pothouse/pdf/aullea07.pdf The types of airplane that atomic number 18 in use by law enforcement atomic number 18 Cessna 182, Cessna 206, Pilatus PC-12 Spectres, P-3 huntsmans, Citations, Learjets, Gulfstream jets, King Air 350s and 200s and some big airliner-type aircraft. around of the helicopters are the Ameri mickle Euro-copter EC120/130/145, AStar AS350/355N/350 B2, Dolphin HH-65C, Blackhawk UH-60, Maverick, Raven II R44, Cayuse OH-6 and McDonnell Douglas MD 600. The types of missions these aircrafts channelize are surveillance, drug interdiction, fugitive searches, act patrol or support, search and pitch, staff office transport, prisoner transport, SWAT operation, occupation enforcement, speed enforcement, home play security, photographic, medical support and evacuation. Both types of aircrafts have their advantages and disadvantages in airborne law enforcement. http//www.kansas.com/2010/08/01/1427779/aviation-sees-growt h-in-law-enforcement.html. The advantages that helicopters have over fixed wings are they can land and take off without the need for run focal points. Their control surface shape rotors are like the wings of an airplane, as the rotor spins, air flow faster over the tops of the blades than underneath, thus creating lift for escape. Their unusual rotor design allows for them to takeoff vertically, fly in any commission and hover over an area. Their ability to hover provides clear upage for farming units and are able to land in assisting in foot pursuits. Helicopters can be equipped with a winch for the purpose of lowering or plectron up personnel or equipments on the ground. It is valuable asset in conducting fork outs at sea or on mountains, where on that point is no discover to land. Its size allows for maneuverability around tall structures at lower altitudes. manhttp//library.thinkquest.org/J0112389/helicopters.htm. The helicopters are force multipliers for ground units , because they can monitor the tactical milieu, give alerts or observe things which the ground units are unable to detect. Additionally, they can respond and cover ground more quickly than ground units. The public life deck of a helicopter can be equipped with multiple electronic equipments. electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS) also know as crosspatch cockpit that provides flight and system information to the man, Forward Looking Infrared (FLIR) television camera allows the crowd to see images created from infrared energy, moving map system show their location, satellite phones provide direct communication, digital telly downlink gives real quantify images, iniquity vision goggles can be apply in low light situation, loudspeakers for communication or message deliver to the ground, fritter away gas dispensers help control crowds, law and aviation radios keep the crew in contact with other officers and air traffic controls . The equipments aboard the helicopters are vital in helping enforcing the law as the incident on the 14th of November 2008, when the San Diego Police Department helicopter used the FLIR camera video to help indict a man for beating another man with a crutch in the middle of the street at night. Without the FLIR system they would have not been able to see the incident happening. http//www.policeone.com/police-products/tactical/night-vision/videos/5954944-police-helicopter-catches-bizarre-street-fight-on-flir-camera On the night of 30th January 2013, a 60 year old police chief of the Panamanian cargo ship Gray Shark was having a heart attack. The NYPD police responded to the emergency call and conducted a dramatic nighttime helicopter rescue in New York Harbor. The NYPD harbor medical team stabilized the captain before calling in the help of a police helicopter to airlift him off the ship. A basket was lowered from the helicopter to airlift him up and then flew him to Staten Island University Hospital North where he was lis ted in static condition. This rescue shows one of the many advantages that a rotor wing aircraft posses. http//www.ny1.com/content/top_stories/176246/police-helicopter-rescues-ship-captain-who-was-having-a-heart-attack The disadvantages helicopters have are that they cost more to operate and keep. A fully equipped helicopter can cost from $500,000 to $3 million to get and the flying costs passs from $200 to $400 per hour. http//usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/nation/2007-09-30- cophelicopters_N.htm Maintenance, force out, leasing and financial backing cost are three times then the cost that of direct and maintaining airplanes. Its abilities to fly lower and hover creates noises that are easily detectable. The capacity of passengers that a helicopter can carry is limited and varies from type. The Robinson RA-44 can carry 2 to 4 personnel and others like the Blackhawk UH-60 can carry 11 personnel or the Bell UH-1 that can be configured to carry 15 personnel. The general commercia l helicopters in the law enforcement agencies have a flight time of two to four hours, with top speed from 50 to 200 knots and an intermediate ordinate of about 200 miles. The operations of fixed wing aircraft have some advantages over rotor wing aircrafts in law enforcement. They can perform a wide range of missions which requires them to stay airborne longer then a rotor wing aircraft is able too. Fix wing aircraft can carry more payloads and engine performances are peachy then those of rotor wing aircrafts. Aero surveillance, homeland security, speed enforcement and transport of state or gear are mostly the missions perform. http//www.lawofficer.com/article/patrol/fixed-wing-aircraft-law-enforc They are equipped with a variety of high tech equipments just as their rotor wing counterparts. The cabins are pressurized and allow for higher altitude flights, which enables them to conduct surveillance 5,000 ft to 6,000 ft and not be undetected. The costs to maintain and operate a f ixed wing aircraft are cheaper than rotor wing aircrafts. On average per flight it cost about $54 for fear and $45 for can compared to a rotor wing aircraft. http//bjs.ojp.usdoj.gov/content/pub/pdf/aullea07.pdf adept example of a cost effective fixed wing aircraft is the light sport aircraft. The general cost of the aircraft is amongst $60,000 and $130,000 to purchase. The cost for force out and maintenance is only $50 per hour. They can fly at speeds ranging from 35 to 125 knots which makes them an excellent platform for performing a broad range of law enforcement missions. It can carry up to 500 lbs and travel double as far as a helicopter. http//nij.gov/nij/topics/law-enforcement/operations/aviation/types-of-aircraft.htm One of the best aircraft that the Custom Border Patrol has in their inventory is the P-3 AEW Orion airplane. This is a unique aircraft is integration with the E-2 Hawkeye aircraft electronics and radar system, which allows for it to see surface and air conta cts 200 NM in all directions. The aircraft has a large fuel capacity of 60,000 lbs that allows for flight time up to 10 to 13 hours on station. It has a maximal range at low altitude is 2,500 NM and at high altitude 3,800 NM and a maximum average cruising speed of 300 to 330 knots. It can carry a crew of 12 to 21 personnel. The normal crew consists of four systems operators, three pilots, two flight engineers and three maintenance crew members. They work closely with the Navy and coast Guard to coordinate the location of drug smuggling boats or planes. The ancient missions are interdiction, over water operations, surveillance and homeland security. The use of this aircraft between the Jacksonville, Florida and the Texas office have contri moreovered to the capture and seizure of 50 metric wads of drugs worth a roughly about 2 Billion dollars since 2006. http//www.youtube.com/ gull?v=vqCtrB_FZvE The DA42 MPP (Multi Purpose Platform) protector is a specially designed aircraft to carrying multi-functional aerial surveillance equipments. The advantage of this aircraft is its extremely low operating costs and its abilities to conduct surveillance operations. The investment in this aircraft pays for itself through the saving in fuel cost. It can operate at a wide range from a minimum of 75 knots to a maximum of 152 knots fully equipped. When conducting surveillance the aircraft can fly for up to 12.5 hours with refueling. At 50% power setting its maximum range is more than 1,350NM. Currently there is no other lessened aircraft that can match the flexibility of the GUARDIAN. The GUARDIANs design incorporates firmly points located under the fuselage for mounting belly pods and uses a modular hamper approach. The nose section of the aircraft is detachable which allows for mounting nose pods. This aircraft can carry a gyro-stabilized, daylight and thermal video camera, digital aerial cameras and laser scanner, a micro wave up and downlink system with a range of more than 100 NM that provides high quality transfers, satellite downlink beyond line of sight, UHF/VHFradios and a military radios is part of the standard equipment onboard. The GUARDIAN also can operate as an UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) or trivalent live oral poliomyelitis vaccine (Optionally Piloted Vehicle) that provide support abilities for longer operation times and if require to operations in regions that are generally too dangerous for manned aircraft to operate. http//www.diamond- sensing.com/fileadmin/uploads_airborne/files/DA42_MPP_web_v290108.pdf http//www.diamond-sensing.com/index.php?id=da42mppguardian Some of the disadvantages of fix winged aircrafts are that they require a runway to take off and land. It takes more time to assemble and brief the flight crew for the type of mission being flown. Congestions and traffic on the run way may delay on taking off or landing. Depending on the size of the aircraft the pilot or co-pilot are unable to see the other side of the aircraft. They are unable provide ground assistance as their rotor wing counterparts are capable of doing, such as land and assist in a foot pursuit. Unable to hover or perform orbits like the rotor wing counterparts they cannot monitor the tactical environment very well, thus unable to observe or alert ground units of what they are unaware of. This limits their ability to land on ships or areas where there are no run ways. A major tool used for search and rescue that airplanes are unable to carry is a rescue winch. Both fixed wing and rotor wing aircrafts have their advantages and disadvantages, but they are both very valuable asset in the mission of state and federal law enforcement agencies in protecting homeland security, support the Nations borders, fight against terrorist and enforcing the laws of the United States.